作品《伍迪的最后一笑:四季皆逝》这个标志性的卡通形象是以美国东南部发现的一种很可能已经灭绝的象牙嘴啄木鸟为原型创作的。自 1944 年以来,一直没有人证实发现过象牙喙啄木鸟,只是由于偶尔有未经证实的目击报告,该物种才没有作为灭绝物种从美国鱼类和野生动物濒危物种名录中除名。
在这段视频中,伍迪从 1941 年拍摄的电影 “Pantry Panic “中被删除——这部电影的拍摄时间距离最后一次无可争议的野生象牙喙啄木鸟目击记录只有 3 年。动画在其他方面未作改动。除了去掉伍迪的形象外,动画的配乐也经过剪辑,去掉了伍迪标志性的、非常容易辨认的笑声。因此,在伍迪原本有对白的地方留下了寂静,就像象牙嘴啄木鸟可能灭绝后在树上留下的寂静一样。
在伍迪形象被删除的 1941 年电影之后,视频还滚动播放了 21 种因灭绝而从濒危物种名单中删除的物种的 “片尾字幕”,如果不是因为未经证实的目击报告,象牙嘴啄木鸟也会被列入其中。无论象牙喙啄木鸟现在还是即将灭绝,它的命运并不孤单。
The piece, “Woody’s Last Laugh: Gone for All Seasons” is a video project built around the disturbing fact that the iconic cartoon character, “Woody the Woodpecker,” was modeled on the now probably extinct ivory-billed woodpecker found in the Southeast United States. There has been no confirmed sighting of an ivory-billed woodpecker since 1944 and it is only by virtue of occasional unconfirmed reported sightings that the species has not been removed from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife’s Endangered Species List as extinct.
In this video, Woody is removed from his 1941 film “Pantry Panic”—made only 3 years before the last undisputed recorded sighting of the ivory-billed woodpecker in the wild. The animation is otherwise unaltered. In addition to removing the images of Woody, the soundtrack of the animation is edited to remove Woody’s iconic and very identifiable laugh. Thus, silence is left where Woody would have otherwise had his dialogue, much like the silence in the trees left by the ivory-billed woodpecker’s probable extinction.
Following the 1941 film from which Woody has been removed, the video presents scrolling “end credits” of 21 species removed from the endangered species list due to their extinction, which would have also included the ivory-billed woodpecker but for unconfirmed reported sightings. Whether the ivory-billed woodpecker is now or soon will be extinct, it is not alone in its fate.
Sara Gevurtz, Woody’s Last Laugh: Gone for All Seasons, video, 2023
萨拉·格乌兹是奥本大学动画系的助理教授,从圣何塞州立大学新媒体 CADRE 实验室毕业,获得数字新媒体艺术硕士,学士学位就读于加州大学进化、行为和生态生物学专业。跨学科背景让她得以专注于生物和环境议题。曾在世界多地展出作品,比如韩国CICA博物馆、意大利铜和古代工艺品博物馆。她还与他人合作推进了一个艺术项目,使用装备和相机项目创建一系列即是数据又是艺术的照片。这个项目在英国、南非等多个国家展出过。
Sara Gevurtz is an Assistant Professor of Animation at Auburn University. Gevurtz graduated from the CADRE Laboratory for New Media at San Jose State University where she received a Master of Fine Arts in Digital Media Art. She received her bachelor’s degree in Evolution, Behavior and Ecology Biology from the University of California, San Diego. Due to her interdisciplinary background, her artistic research focuses on ecological and environmental issues. Gevurtz has been published and shown work internationally and nationally, for example at CICA Museum in Korea and the Museum of Copper and Ancient Crafts in Italy. She also works collaboratively to develop a project using a rig and camera, with the goal to create a series of photographs that are both data and art. This project has been presented at such places as ISEA2017 in Manizales, Columbia, Balance Unbalance 2017 in Plymouth UK, and ISEA2018 in Durban, South Africa.
